Taxpayers governed by the provisions of the Indian Income Tax 1961 have the benefit of claiming several deductions. Out of the deduction avenues, Section 80CCD provides taxpayer deductions against investments made in specific sectors. Under Section 80CCD, an assessee is eligible to claim deductions against the contributions made to the National Pension Scheme or Atal Pension Yojana. Contributions made by an employer to National Pension Scheme are also eligible for deductions under the provisions of Section 80 CCD. In this article, we will take a look at the primary features of this section, the terms and conditions for claiming deductions, the eligibility to claim such deductions, and some of the commonly asked questions in this regard.
There are two parts of Section 80CCD. Subsection 1 of this section refers to tax deductions for all assesses who are central government or state government employees, or self-employed or employed by any other employers. In this case, the deduction of a maximum of 10% of the salary in the case of salaried employees and 20% of the gross income in the case of self-employed taxpayers is permitted. The total amount of deductions under this subsection of Section 80CCD cannot be above INR 1 lakh in a fiscal year. Subsection 2 of Section 80CCD refers to the contributions made by an employer towards NPS on behalf of an employee. This subsection allows the employees to claim the contribution as a deduction. The deduction amount is limited to 10% of the employee's salary.
Terms & Conditions for claiming deductions under Section 80CCD
Let's look at the terms and conditions that must be fulfilled to claim deductions under the provisions of Section 80CCD:
-Deductions available under this section can be claimed by both salaried and self-employed individuals, as well as their employers, so long the contributions have been made to the National Pension Scheme/Atal Pension Yojana.
-A maximum deduction of INR 1.5 lakh can be claimed under Section 80CCD. The computation is as follows: 10% of the salary in case of salaried individuals (this would include the basic salary plus the dearness allowance granted) or 20% of the gross income in the case of self-employed individuals.
-From FY 2016-17 onwards, the Finance Department has permitted individuals to claim an additional deduction of up to INR 50,000 on account of any contributions made towards NPS only under subsection 1B. This subsection provides that an assessee is allowed a deduction in the computation of his total income of the whole of the amount paid or deposited in the previous year in his account under a pension scheme notified by the Central Government. This deduction is irrespective of the amounts claimed as deduction as 10% of the salary or 20% of the gross income in subsection 1.
-If an individual is claiming deductions under Section 80CCD, the same cannot be claimed under Section 80 C.
-Any deductions made under subsection 1 of Section 80CCD are capped at INR 1 lakh per year. Any deductions made under subsection 2 of Section 80CCD are capped at INR 1.5 lakhs and is over and above the INR 1 lakh limit.
Who is eligible for claiming deductions under Section 80CCD?
Deductions under Section 80CCD can be made by salaried as well as self-employed assesses. However, such deduction is only permitted for contributions made towards the National Pension Scheme or Atal Pension Yojana.
Deductions on employer contributions are also permitted under Section 80CCD. However, corporate or HUFs or any other class of assesses are not allowed to claim any deduction under the provisions of this section. It is also important to note that only contributions made to Tier 1 accounts of NPS are eligible for the benefit of the deduction. The deductions can be claimed at the time of filing the income tax returns at the end of the financial year.
How to claim tax deductions under Section 80CCD?
The deductions under this section can be claimed at the time of filing IT returns. Evidence of payment of the contribution to the pension account should be provided. If you are filing your returns online via the website of the income tax department, the details of deductions under Section 80CCD will be populated on its own from the information available in Form 24Q. The total amount of deduction under Section 80CCD (1) cannot exceed INR 1.5 lakhs. An assessee can also utilize the provisions of Section 80CCD (1B) to claim an additional deduction of INR 50,000 for the contributions (made by the assessee itself or deduction from salary) towards NPS.
FAQs
Are HUFs eligible to claim Section 80CCD deductions?
No, this section provides tax deduction benefits for individuals only.
What is the National Pension Scheme?
National Pension Scheme was launched in 2004 by the Government of India as a pension-cum-investment scheme. This scheme benefits Indian citizens between the age of 18-65 years. NPS is a very popular option for those individuals who do not draw a steady post-retirement pension. The scheme is regulated by the Pension Fund Regulatory and Development Authority. NPS is based on a contribution model: the subscriber of NPS, while employed, is required to contribute to the retirement account on a regular basis. The contributions received are, in turn, invested by pension funds. The investments are in equity, bonds, government bonds, and alternative assets. The total amount accumulated in the NPS account is dependent on the contributions made and the income from the investment of the amount. The subscribers are permitted to withdraw from the NPS account only for specified reasons.
What is the Tier-II account of the National Pension Scheme?
Tier-II account is a voluntary savings account. It can be opened only where a subscriber has a Tier I account under NPS. The minimum initial contribution is INR 1,000. A minimum of INR 250 should be contributed at one time. Except in the case of government employees, there are no restrictions on the withdrawal of funds from the Tier II account. This account also allows the subscriber to transfer the funds to the Tier I account at any time.
Is it possible to claim Section 80CCD deduction on the amounts contributed to the Tier II account of the National Pension Scheme?
No, the benefit of the deduction is only available for the contributions made to the Tier I account.
I have a Tier I NPS account, and I am self-employed. I wish to claim Section 80CCD deduction. What investment proof do I need to furnish to claim the benefits?
You can submit the Transaction Statement as proof of investment. You can also download the receipt of voluntary contribution made in Tier I account for the financial year in question. It can be downloaded from the tab titled "Statement of Voluntary Contribution under National Pension System (NPS)" once you log on to the NPS website.
What does the word ‘salary’ refer to for claiming Section 80CCD deduction?
As per the explanation appended to Section 80CCD, salary includes dearness allowance but excludes perquisites and any other allowances provided by an employer.
Rahul has a Tier I NPS account. He is self-employed and makes his contributions to NPS through cheque. Is this contribution eligible for claiming deduction under Section 80CCD?
Yes, both cash and cheque are permitted for claiming deductions.
Are there any exclusive benefits available for claiming tax deductions under Section 80CCD in the case of government employees?
Except for those employed with the Armed Forces, in case of government employees who joined services after 1st January 2004, an additional deduction of up to 10 percent of salary is eligible for tax deduction under Section 80CCD(2). Government employees are also eligible to enjoy an increased income tax deduction of 14% of the employer’s contribution.
Ritesh is an NRI. Is he eligible to open an NPS account?
Yes, an NRI is eligible to open an NPS account. However, all contributions made to NPS account by an NRI is subject to the regulations prescribed by RBI and FEMA. Additionally, OCIs and PIOs are not eligible to open NPS accounts in any capacity.
Is it possible to open multiple NPS accounts?
No, an individual can only have one NPS account. However, you can consider opening an NPS account and an account under Atal Pension Yojana.
What are the benefits available for the contributions made to Atal Pension Yojana?
As per the clarification issued by the Central Board of Direct Taxes in 2016, Atal Pension Yojana qualifies as a pension scheme for the purpose of Section 80CCD. Therefore, the benefits are precisely similar to that of the National Pension Scheme.